Prevalence, prescriptions, outcomes and costs of type 2 diabetic patients with or without prior coronary artery disease or stroke. A longitudinal 5-year claims-data analysis of over 7 million inhabitants

Study type

• Study topic:
  Disease /health condition
• Study type:
  Non-interventional study
• Scope of the study:
  Disease epidemiology

  Healthcare resource utilisation
• Data collection methods:
  Secondary use of data

Non-interventional study

• Non-interventional study design:
  Cohort

Study drug and medical condition

• Medical condition to be studied:
  Diabetes mellitus

  Coronary artery disease

  Ischaemic stroke

  Haemorrhagic stroke

Population studied

• Short description of the study population:
  four cohorts were considered: #1 with CAD and/or stroke; #2 without CAD and/or stroke; #3 with chronic CAD but no myocardial infarction or stroke; #4 with chronic CAD undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).
• Age groups:
  • Paediatric Population (< 18 years)

    • Preterm newborn infants (0 – 27 days)
    • Term newborn infants (0 – 27 days)
    • Children (2 to < 12 years)
    • Adolescents (12 to < 18 years)
  • Adult and elderly population (≥18 years)

    • Adults (18 to < 65 years)

      • Adults (18 to < 46 years)
      • Adults (46 to < 65 years)
    • Adults (65 to < 75 years)
    • Adults (75 to < 85 years)
    • Adults (85 years and over)

Study design details

• Study design:
  Retrospective longitudinal cohort study
• Main study objective:
  To analyze the prevalence, comorbidities, outcomes and costs of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD) or stroke in a population of over 7 million inhabitants
• Setting:
  In-ospital and outpatient settings in public and affiliated with the Italian national Healthcare Service facilities
• Summary results:
  The prevalence of T2DM was 6% (441,085/7,365,954). CAD and/or stroke in the previous 3 years affected 7.5% of T2DM patients (33,153); this cohort was generally older, of male sex, with more comorbidities, prescriptions, and hospital admissions (50.5% versus 13.4% during the first follow-up year) compared to cohort #2. Yearly costs were over threefold for cohort #1 versus #2, main drivers being hospitalizations in the former and drugs in the; latter. Two-year cardiovascular events were recorded significantly more commonly in cohort #4 compared to the other cohorts. Guideline-recommended lipid-lowering therapy was <80% in all but cohort #4.