Over the Counter Codeine Use Misuse and Dependence (CODEMISUSED)

Study type

• Study type:
  Not applicable
• Scope of the study:
  Assessment of risk minimisation measure implementation or effectiveness
• If ‘Not applicable’, further details on the study type:
  Cross-sectional, Original Research on prescribed and OTC codeine

Study drug and medical condition

• Study drug International non-proprietary name (INN) or common name:
  CODEINE

Population studied

• Age groups:
  Adults (18 to < 46 years)

  Adults (46 to < 65 years)

  Adults (65 to < 75 years)

  Adults (75 to < 85 years)

  Adults (85 years and over)
• Estimated number of subjects:
  9500

Study design details

• Main study objective:
  The research aims to quantify the extent of codeine use, misuse and dependence in three countries (Ireland, United Kingdom and South Africa), with focus on therapeutic and non-therapeutic use, so as to create user profiles of use and abuse and capture individual user, pharmacy, medic and treatment provider perspectives.
• Outcomes:
  National, international reports, journal publications, public fact sheets, seminars, conference proceedings reflecting outputs from meta-analysis and systematic review of literature, national pharmacist, medic and treatment provider surveying, customer sweep surveys internet based codeine users and interviews with codeine users. Data will be used to inform the design of pharmacy based brief interventions for codeine misuse, inter pharmacy customer monitoring and tracking systems, continuing staff training (CPD) and management of appropriate codeine referral and treatment interventions.
• Data analysis plan:
  Risk estimation: A mixed method approach will commence with a meta-analysis and systematic review of literature, national pharmacist, medic, treatment provider and customer surveying analysed with SPSS, internet surveillance and codeine user interviews and focus groups analysis assisted by NVIVO